Renter: Existing cavities. Excavated burrows in pithy stems (e.g. Ferula, Rubus, Scilla, Vitis and others).
Nesting material: The cell partitions consist of pressed particles of pith. The nest plug is made of a thick layer of pith and covered by a thinner layer of chewed leaves (rarely also petals); sometimes the nest plug consists only of pith. Typically, the brood cells are slightly constricted at their apex. (Banaszak and Romasenko, 2001; Benoist, 1931; Enslin, 1925, 1933; Grandi, 1961; Le Goff, 1997; Mavromoustakis, 1939b; Stoeckhert, 1954; Westrich, 1989; Stanisavljević, 2000).