Excavator: Ground. Females, which were on average only 4.2 mm long, nested solitarily in loose aggregations in areas free of vegetation. Cells were placed from 6 to 12 cm deep, each terminating a lateral burrow off the main burrow. Cell walls were lined with a water proof wax-like lining.The pollen-nectar provision was a flattened sphere.Theposterior end of the egg was embedded on the dorsal surface of the provision. Larval and pupal development was rapid, proceeding to adults by August, the over-wintering stage.