Renter: Snail shells. Nesting site: Preexisting cavities: empty snail shells (e.g. Eobania, Otala, Theba) with 1-8 cells. Nesting material: Cell partitions and nest plug are made of mud, sometimes mixed with small pebbles. After the shell is closed, the nest is neither transported to a protected place nor is the shell opening turned towards the ground. (Ferton, 1890, 1908; Le Goff, 2003a)