Excavator: Ground. In Europe the species is reported to nest solitarily in bare slopes, often on hard-trodden paths (Kocourek, 1966; Dylewska, 1987). At times it also nests in rather small aggregations (Westrich, 1987). It would be interesting to discover if the species has closely clustered nests, to which access is provided via a single, common entrance burrow, as is known for other members of its species-group (i.e. A. bucephala, A. ferox, A. scotica).