Excavator: Stems. Nests in hollow plant stems. In southern Turkey, nests were found in the stems of Rubus sp. (Rosaceae) (Terzo, 2000). In Cyprus, Mavromoustakis (1948) discovered nests in dry stems of Anchusa sp., Echium sp. (Boraginaceae) and Asphodelus sp. (Liliaceae)(Terzo, 2000).